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1 MEGIN
I)(gen. -s, dat. magni or megni), n.1) might, power, strenght (svá sem á leið sóttina minkaði storum m. hans);2) the main, chief part of a thing; allt m. landsins, the main part of the land.adv., prop. dat. pl. from vegr; kvenna m., on the women’s side (in a chuch); karla m., on the men’s side; Hjarðarholts m., on the H. side (of the river); inum vinstra m., hœgra m., on the left (right) side; einuni m., from one side only (þar mátti einum m. at sœkja); öðrum m., on the other side (herskip liggja öðrum m. undir nesinu); báðum m., on both sides; öllum m., from all sides; þeim m., on that side.* * *n., gen. megins, Gs. 22; but else contr. in gen. and dat. megns, megni, see megn; [from mega; Engl. main]:—might, main, strength; kosta megins, Gs. 22; þitt varð nú meira megin. Fm. 22; orms megin, 28; hjörs megin, 30; svá at þitt minnkisk megin, Hsm. 21. 1; oddar görva jarli megin, Mkv.; trúa á mátt sinn ok megin, Fms. i. 35; þegar er hann vitkaðisk ok fékk megin sitt, Fb. ii. 389; ok svá sem á leið sóttina minnkadi stórum megin (acc.) hans, Fms. ix. 250; Medi funnu megin hans, MS. 544. 39: ú-megin, a swoon; van-megin, weakness.II. [cp. Engl. mainland], the main, chief part of a thing; allt megin landsins, the main of the land, Fms. x. 184; Jótland er megin Dana-veldis, vi. 53; megin árinnar, the main-stream, Þórð. 11 new Ed.: in a more local sense, máni þat né vissi hvat hann megins átti, the moon knew not his main, his place in heaven, had not his fixed course, Vsp. 5; jarðar-megin, the earth’s main, the wide earth, Hm.; vetrar-megin, the main part of winter, Sks. 59; veðr-megin, ‘weather-main’ the power, but also the ‘airt,’ direction of the weather; hafs-megin, the main, open sea; lands-megin, the mainland. Eg. 50.B. COMPDS: meginafl, meginá, megináss, meginborg, meginbygð, megindómar, megindráttr, megindróttning, megindýrr, meginekkja, meginfjall, meginfjarri, meginfjöldi, meginflokkr, meginflótti, megingjörð, megingóðr, megingóðvætliga, megingrimmr, meginhaf, meginherr, meginhérað, meginhúfr, meginhyggja, meginhöfn, meginkátr, meginland, meginlauss, meginleikr, meginleysi, meginlið, meginligr, meginlítill, meginljótr, meginmeingjarn, meginmerki, meginmildr, meginmörk, meginnjörðr, meginramr, meginrás, meginrúnar, meginsjór, meginskjótr, meginskjöldungr, meginstjarna, meginstormr, meginstraumr, megintíðendi, megintírr, megintrygðir, meginveðr, meginvegr, meginvel, meginverk, meginþing, meginþungr, meginþorf. -
2 VIKA
* * *(gen. pl. vikna), f.1) week; nú lífa sumarit til átta vikna, till it was eight weeks to winter; hin helga v., Holy-week (after Whitsun); efsta v., the last week of Lent, Passion-week;2) sea-mile, = vika sjóvar, v. sævar (Ólafseyjar liggja út á firðinum hálfa aðra viku undan Reykjanesi).* * *1.u, f., gen. pl. vikna, pl. vikur: [this can hardly be a genuine Teutonic word, but rather is adopted from Lat. vice, otherwise the k could not have remained unchanged; thus Lat. vicus is Icel. vé, Goth. weihs: Ulf. only uses the word in a single instance, viz. to translate ἐν τη τάξει της ἐφημερίας αὐτου by in wikon kunjis seinis in Luke i. 8, where the Latin text ‘in vice sua’ perhaps suggested the word to the translator; A. S. and Hel. wica; Engl. week; O. H. G. wecha; Germ. woche; Dan. uge; Swed. wecha; in Norse dialects vika, veka, vuku, uku, and in compds -oke, Jóns-oke, Ivar Aasen.]B. USAGES.—A week, passim: used in a peculiar manner, as marking the remaining weeks of the summer; líðr á sumarit til átta vikna, viz. till eight weeks remained before winter, Nj. 93; var Rútr heima til sex vikna, 10; vá Böðvarr Kolbein Drottins-daginn at fjórum vikum, Ann. 1376. The ancient Scandinavians and Teutons in heathen times seem to have counted the year by pentads, called fimt, as has already been remarked s. v. fimt (p. 153), to which may be added the authority of the late Prof. Schlegel of Copenhagen in a notice of 1825, mentioned in Lex. Mythol. p. 753. The time when the Scandinavians changed their system is quite unknown; it would seem that in Icel. ‘weeks’ were already in use in the middle of the 10th century, could we but trust the record in Íb. ch. 4 as authentic in its details.II. spec. usages in the calendar; Helga vika, the Holy-week (i. e. after Whitsun), Thom. 22, Dipl. iii. 10, D. I. i. 594; Efsta-vika, the last week of Lent, i. e. Passion-week, Orkn. 386, D. I. i. 594; Páska-vika, Easter-week; Sælu-vika, Ember-week, passim, see Icel. Almanack; as also Auka-vika or Lagningar-vika, the additional week, intercalary week, = sumar-auki, see p. 604; fyrsta Sumar-vika, síðasta vika sumars, síðasta vika vetrar.COMPDS: vikudagr, vikufrestr, vikuför, vikugamall, vikulagning, vikumunr, vikustafr, vikustef, vikustefna, vikuþing, viknamót, viknatal.2.u, f. [a word quite different from the preceding, akin to vik and vík, the root word being víkja, q. v.]:—a sea mile, knot, answering to a mod. geographical mile, and equal to a ‘röst’ on land (see röst, p. 508): the term seems to have been derived from vík, a small bay, denoting the distance from ness to ness, and so referring to a time when ships coasted along-shore; the word is still in almost exclusive use in Icel. The following instances may suffice:—the distance from Reykjanes to Flatey in western Icel. is counted as three viknr (frá Reykjanesi til Flateyjar, þat eru þrjár vikur sjófar, Bs. i. 461); from Drangey in the north to the nearest point on the mainland as one vika (frá Revkjum er skemst til eyjarinnar ok er þat vika sjóvar … þat var vika sjáfar sem skemst var til lands ór eyjunni, Grett. 144, 148); eyjar þær sem Ólafs-eyjar heita, þær liggja út á firðinum hálfa aðra viku undan Reykjanesi, 125; heyrði yfir til Skarfstaða hálfa viku sjóvar (viz. from Ljárskógar), 129; for the respective distances see the map of Icel.: so in Norway, vatnið var hálfrar viku breitt, Fms. viii. 32; sigla þeir fyrir þat torleiði sex vikur sævar, Fb. i. 186: in the Faroes, þangat var skemst ok var þat þó löng vika sjóvar, Fær. 173 (viz. from the Great Dimon to Suðrey): in Greenland, hann lagðisk eptir geldingi gömlum út í Hvalsey, ok flutti á baki sér, þá er hann vildi fagna Eireki frænda sínum, en ekki var sæfært skip heima, þat er löng hálf vika, Landn. 107: great distances at the open sea are counted by ‘tylpt,’ ‘dozens, sc. of knots,’ leaving out the word ‘vika,’ þá mun siglt vera tylpt fyrir sunnan Ísland, Landn. 25: a writer of the 14th century calculates the voyage round Iceland direct from headland to headland at ‘fourteen dozens,’—fjórtan tylptir umbergis at sigla réttleiðis fyrir hvert nes, Bs. ii. 5. -
3 þreskjöldr
m. [this word is derived from þreskja and völlr, and prop. means a threshing-floor, because in ancient times the floor at the entrance was used for threshing, but it then came to mean the block of wood or stone beneath the door, doorsill or threshold; and that in ancient times it was so, is borne out by phrases as, Gríma sat á þreskeldi, Fbr.; or, stíga yfir þresköldinn, Eb. l. c.; or, þresköldrinn var hár fyrir durunum, O. H. L. 85; see the references. The latter part of the compd, -öldr, is from a time when the older ld had not as yet become assimilated into ll. The word is declined like völlr; nom. þreskjöldr, or, dropping the j, þresköldr: acc. þreskjöld or þresköld, Bs. i. 44, Fms. v. 140, Fbr. 14, Korm. 10, Eb. 220, Fs. 68, Edda ii. 122, Hkr. iii. 116, N. G. L. i. 18, 431: dat. þreskeldi, Fms. ii. 149, Fbr. 98 new Ed., N. G. L. i. 18, 431; in rhymes eldhúss þresk eldi, Kormak: nom. plur. þreskeldir, Bs. i. 736; acc. þresköldu, Stj. 436 (spelt þrescavlldo): examples are wanting of gen. sing. and plur.2. but as the etymology was forgotten, the forms soon got confused, e. g. the curious various readings to N. G. L. ii. 110, þreskilldi, þreskjalda, þreskalda, þreskalla, þreskaldi, þreskolli, þreskæli, all dat.: acc. sing. changing ö into e, þreskelld, Stj. 436 (Cod. A): dat. changing e into i, þreskildi (as if from skjöldr), H. E. i. 496, N. G. L. ii. l. c. The form þrepskjöldr, found in mod. Icel. books, is a bad attempt at an etymology, as if it were derived from þrep and skjöldr. The form tréskjöldrinn, O. H. L. 85. l. 21, is prob. merely a scribe’s error,3. at last came the mod. form þröskuldr, declined as a regular substantive (like Höskulldr), Sturl. iii. 33; [A. S. þerscwold or þerscold; Engl. threshold; Dan. tærskel; O. H. G. dirscuwili.]B. A threshold, passim, see above.2. metaph. an isthmus or ridge flooded at high water, between the mainland and an island; þeir réru inn til Arneyjar-sunds …; var þar svá, til farit at þröskuldr lá á sundinu, en djúpt at tvá vega, var þar riðit at fjörum, en eigi flóðum, Sturl. iii. 33 (the ridges leading to the island Langey, in Skarðströnd in western Icel., are still locally called ‘Þröskuldar’).II. metaph. as a gramm. term, a figure of speech, when one word ends and the next begins with the same consonant; þenna löst köllu vér þresklld, Skálda (Edda ii. 122; þræsklld, 412, l. c.) -
4 ör-firi
n., or ör-fjara, u, f. an out-going, ebbing: Örfiris-ey is the pr. name for islands which, at low-water, are joined to the mainland by a reef which is covered at high-water; one such island is near Reykjavik; another at Skard in western Iceland, now called Öffirs-ey; so also Ör-fjara, u, f. = the island Orfir in the Orkneys, Orkn. 182. -
5 fasta-land
n. the mainland (Germ. festes land), opp. to ey-land.
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